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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on February 15, 2008
Human Reproduction 2008 23(4):792-796; doi:10.1093/humrep/den021
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Ultrasonographically measured testicular volumes in 0- to 6-year-old boys

E.A.M. Kuijper1,4, J. van Kooten1, J.I.M.L. Verbeke2, M. van Rooijen3 and C.B. Lambalk1

1 Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center (VUmc), 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2 Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center (VUmc), 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands 3 Infant Welfare Center, GG&GD Amsterdam, Buitenveldert, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

4 Correspondence address. Tel: +31-20-4440070; Fax: +31-20-4440045; E-mail: e.kuijper{at}vumc.nl

BACKGROUND: Aside from converted data from orchidometer measurements, there are no referential values for testicular volume ultrasound measurements in children available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain ultrasonographically measured normative data for testicular volumes in 0- to 6-year-old boys.

METHODS: A total of 344 boys from different ethnic backgrounds were studied. For the ultrasound measurements, an Aloka SSD-900 was used with a 7.5 mHz linear transducer. Testicular volume was calculated using the formula: length x width x height x ({pi}/6).

RESULTS: No differences were found either between the various ethnic groups or between the left and right testicle. Mean testicular volume was compared between the different age categories. Mean testicular volume increases significantly in the first 5 months from 0.27 to 0.44 cm3 after which the volume decreases to 0.31 cm3 at ~9 months. During the following years, testicular volume remains stable.

CONCLUSIONS: This study provides normal values for ultrasonographically measured testicular volumes in 0- to 6-year-old boys. Ultrasound is a valid method to measure small pre-pubertal testicles as it is able to detect minor changes in volume in relation to established physiological changes in the first year of life.

Key words: testis/volume/ultrasound

Submitted on June 24, 2007; resubmitted on November 30, 2007; accepted on December 20, 2007.


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