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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on March 10, 2008
Human Reproduction 2008 23(6):1385-1393; doi:10.1093/humrep/den047
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Native human zona pellucida glycoproteins: purification and binding properties

Philip C.N. Chiu1, Ben S.T. Wong1, C.L. Lee1, Ronald T.K. Pang1, Kai-Fai Lee1, S.B. Sumitro2, S.K. Gupta3 and William S.B. Yeung1,4

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, JL. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia 3 Gamete Antigen Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India

4 Correspondence address. Tel: +86-(852)-28553405; Fax: +86-(852)-28175374; E-mail: wsbyeung{at}hkucc.hku.hk

BACKGROUND: Fertilization starts with the binding of the spermatozoa to the zona pellucida (ZP) of the oocyte. Such binding is a carbohydrate-mediated event and consists of a series of tightly regulated events. Molecular interactions between spermatozoon and ZP in human are not well characterized due to limited availability of oocytes for research. Our current technology cannot generate recombinant human ZP (hZP) glycoproteins with native glycosylation.

METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, hZP glycoproteins, hZP2 (~120 kDa), hZP3 (~58 kDa) and hZP4 (~65 kDa) were purified from ZP (purity >88%) by immunoaffinity columns. The binding sites of the purified native hZP3 and hZP4 were localized to the acrosome region of the capacitated human spermatozoa, and were lost after acrosome reaction. Purified human hZP2 bound to this region only in acrosome-reacted spermatozoa. Differential binding of the three glycoproteins to the post-acrosomal region and the midpiece of the spermatozoa was observed. In addition, hZP3, but not hZP2 and hZP4, induced hyperactivation. The stimulatory activity was dependent partly on N-linked glycosylation of hZP3.

CONCLUSIONS: This manuscript describes the biological activities of purified hZP glycoproteins from the native source for the first time.

Key words: zona pellucida/spermatozoa/glycoprotein/antibody/acrosome

Submitted on November 29, 2007; resubmitted on December 31, 2007; accepted on January 26, 2008.


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