Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on January 29, 2004
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh123
© 2004 by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney, NSW , Australia
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: trcwsr{at}md2.md.chula.ac.th.
BACKGROUND: Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a very popular hormonal contraceptive. Unpredictable bleeding disturbances are the main reasons for discontinuation and may be mediated through endometrial hormone receptors. This study was aimed to compare the expression of progesterone and estrogen receptors in the endometrium of bleeding DMPA users with that of amenorrhoeic DMPA users. METHODS: Subjects were recruited between April 2000 and January 2001. On the day of the third DMPA injection, 42 amenorrhoeic DMPA users and 42 DMPA users who had frequent or prolonged endometrial bleeding and were bleeding on that day were matched by age and body mass index. Endometrial biopsies were collected for immunohistochemical study of progesterone receptor A plus B (PRAB) and B alone (PRB) and estrogen receptor Key words:
Key words: depot medroxyprogesterone acetate/endometrial bleeding/estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor/progestogen
Revised October 2, 2003
Accepted November 14, 2003
Article
Endometrial progesterone and estrogen receptors and bleeding disturbances in depot medroxyprogesterone acetate users
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney, NSW , Australia
4 Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW, Australia
5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
Abstract 
(ER) and 
(ER) expression. RESULTS: There were 23 adequate endometrial samples from each group. There were no differences in any of a series of comparisons of PRAB, PRB, ER and ER expression in glands or stroma between the groups. Serum estradiol and progesterone levels were also not different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Endometrial PRAB, PRB, ER and ER expression in glands and stroma was not different between DMPA users who had frequent or prolonged bleeding and amenorrhoeic DMPA users.
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