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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on April 22, 2004
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh164
© 2004 by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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Received October 30, 2003
Accepted January 8, 2004

Article

In vitro exposure to carbon dioxide induces oxidative stress in human peritoneal mesothelial cells

Angela M. Bentes de Souza 1, Chi Chiu Wang 1, Ching Yan Chu 1, Christine M. Briton-Jones 1, Christopher J. Haines 1, Michael Scott Rogers 2*

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1/EF Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin-New Territories, Hong Kong SAR

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: msrogers{at}cuhk.edu.hk.


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to verify whether in vitro exposure of human peritoneal mesothelial cells to carbon dioxide (CO2) influences the levels of 8-isoprostaglandin F2{alpha} (8-iso-PGF2{alpha}), a marker of oxidative stress. METHODS: Mesothelial cells were exposed to either: (i) 100% CO2 for 4 h; (ii) 100% helium (an alternative gas with which to create hypoxic conditions) for 4 h; (iii) 100% CO2 for 24 h; or (iv) standard conditions (control). After gas exposure, mesothelial cells were returned to standard conditions and harvested immediately (T0), and at 1-(T1) and 3 (T3) h afterwards. Cell viability and culture medium pH were monitored throughout the experiments. 8-iso-PGF2{alpha} was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Exposure to CO2 decreased the culture medium pH whereas helium increased the pH. 8-iso-PGF2{alpha} levels in all treated groups were significantly higher than in the control group: in the 4 h CO2 group at T1; in the 24 h CO2 group at T0 and T1; and in the 4 h helium group at T0, T1 and T3. 8-iso-PGF2{alpha} levels following 4 h CO2 exposure were significantly lower than after 24 h CO2 exposure at T1, and lower than following 4 h helium exposure at all time points. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to both CO2 and helium induces oxidative stress in mesothelial cells. Hypoxia-reoxygenation may play a role in this process.

Key words: Key words: carbon dioxide/helium/hypoxia/isoprostanes/mesothelial cells


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