Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on June 4, 2004
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh193
© 2004 by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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1 Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hnho{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw.
BACKGROUND: Uterine expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is absolutely essential for mouse, and critical for human, embryo implantation. However LIF is not required for post-implantation development of mouse embryo. The objective of this study was to examine the role of LIF system in post-implantation stage of human pregnancy. METHODS: Tissues from 25 patients with anembryonic pregnancy (AP; blighted ovum) and 25 matched patients with normal pregnancy (NP) were collected. LIF and its receptor Key words:
anembryonic pregnancy/blighted ovum/chorionic villi/decidua/leukemia inhibitory factor
Accepted February 2, 2004
Article
Expression of leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor is not altered in the decidua and chorionic villi of human anembryonic pregnancy
2 Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
3 Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, No.7 Chung-Shan S. Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan. Tel: 886 2 23123456 extension 5161; Fax: 886 2 23418557
Abstract 
(LIF-R) expression in the decidua and chorionic villi were analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical study. RESULTS: LIF mRNA levels were not different either between different tissues (decidua vs chorionic villi) or between different patients (NP vs AP). LIF-R mRNA levels were significantly higher in chorionic villi than in decidua but were not different between NP and AP. Immunohistochemical staining supported these findings and showed a predominate expression of LIF-R in the trophoblast cells. CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that at early human post-implantation stage, LIF is produced from both decidua and chorionic villi and may exert its major action on trophoblasts. A baseline expression of LIF and LIF-R is probably needed for early pregnancy, but AP cannot be accounted for by the defective expression of either LIF or LIF-R in most circumstances.
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