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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on April 29, 2004
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh251
© 2004 by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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Received September 8, 2003
Accepted February 18, 2004

Article

Associations between androgen receptor CAG repeat length and sperm morphology

David Milatiner 1, David Halle 2, Michael Huerta 1, Ehud J. Margalioth 1, Yoram Cohen 1, Avraham Ben-Chetrit 1, Michael Gal 1, Tzvia Mimoni 1, Talia Eldar-Geva 3*

1 IVF Unit, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Jerusalem 91031, Israel
2 IVF Unit, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Jerusalem 91031, Israel; Bioinformatic Department, Jerusalem Center of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
3 IVF Unit, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Jerusalem 91031, Israel; IVF Unit, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, P.O.Box 3235, Jerusalem 91031, Israel

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gevat{at}szmc.org.il.


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: The number of (trinucleotide) CAG repeats within the androgen receptor (AR) gene is inversely correlated with transcriptional activity of testosterone-target genes. Although abnormally long CAG repeats are strongly associated with male infertility, it is unclear whether CAG repeat length polymorphism can affect androgen receptor activity and sperm parameters. To explore the previously suggested association between CAG repeats and male fertility, we conducted this prospective cohort study. METHODS: We enrolled 172 men attending the IVF unit in Shaare-Zedek Medical Center. Sperm concentration, motility and morphology and the number of CAG repeats in the AR gene were measured. RESULTS: Mean CAG repeat length was greater in teratozoospermia (<14% normal forms, strict criteria) than in the normal morphology group [mean ± 95% confidence interval (CI) 22.19 ± 0.38 versus 21.25 ± 0.28, P = 0.02]. Logistic regression models showed that longer CAG repeats were associated with abnormal sperm morphology [odds ratio for percentage of normal forms per unit increase in CAG repeat length 1.14 (95% CI 1.01-1.28), P = 0.04]. No association was found between CAG repeat length and sperm concentration or motility. CONCLUSIONS: We found a positive correlation between CAG repeat length and teratozoospermia. This finding validates the concept that AR function is inversely regulated by length of its CAG repeat tract.

Key words: Key words: androgen receptor gene/CAG repeat length/male subfertility/sperm morphology/teratozoospermia


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