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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on August 6, 2004
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh443
© 2004 by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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Received February 23, 2004
Revised April 29, 2004
Accepted July 9, 2004

Article

Elevation of serum testosterone and free testosterone after embolization of the internal spermatic vein for the treatment of varicocele in infertile men

Yigal Gat 1, Michael Gornish 2, Alexander Belenky 2, Gil N. Bachar 2*

1 Andrology Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
2 Department of Radiology and the Interventional and Vascular Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: drbachar{at}netvision.net.il.


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effect of internal spermatic vein (ISV) embolization on levels of serum testosterone and free testosterone and on spermatogenesis. METHODS: The files of 83 infertile men treated for varicocele were reviewed for changes in serum testosterone, free testosterone and spermatogenesis after ISV embolization. RESULTS: Mean serum testosterone concentration rose after embolization by 43%, from 12.07 ± 6.07 nmol/l to 17.22 ± 8.43 nmol/l (P<0.001). Mean serum free testosterone concentration rose by 72%, from 5.93 ± 2.44 nmol/l to 10.21 ± 7.69 nmol/l (P<0.001). Mean sperm concentration increased from 7.49 ± 1.73 x 106/ml to 18.14 ± 2.36 x 106/ml (P<0.001); mean sperm motility increased from 21.74 ± 2.47 to 34.47 ± 2.27% (P<0.001); and mean sperm morphology increased from 6.63 ± 1.07 to 13.08 ± 1.44% (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ISV embolization apparently induces an increase in both serum testosterone and free testosterone concentrations and in sperm parameters in infertile patient with varicocele, regardless of the size of the varicocele.

Keywords: embolization; infertility; testis; testosterone; varicocele.
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