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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on August 19, 2004
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh476
© 2004 by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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Received May 13, 2004
Accepted July 23, 2004

Opinion

When to avoid creating surplus human embryos

J.D. Biggers 1* M.C. Summers 2

1 Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
2 Reproductive Science Center, Old Forbes Road, Lexington, MA 02421 and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 10655, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: john_biggers{at}hms.harvard.edu.


  Abstract

The advice that should be given to a couple considering assisted reproductive technologies for the treatment of their infertility, when they are completely opposed to the destruction of surplus embryos, is discussed. It is urged that they do not use treatments that generate surplus embryos. They should be given the options of declining IVF and considering adoption, or less efficient treatments, namely limited ovarian stimulation, limited insemination of available ova or natural cycle IVF where no surplus embryos are generated.

Keywords: cryopreservation; embryo donation; ethics; preimplantation human embryos.
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