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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on October 28, 2004
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh575
© 2004 by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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Received June 17, 2004
Accepted September 29, 2004

Article

Environmental PCB exposure and risk of endometriosis

G.M. Buck Louis 1*, J.M. Weiner 2, B.W. Whitcomb 1, R. Sperrazza 3, E.F. Schisterman 1, D.T. Lobdell 4, K. Crickard 3, H. Greizerstein 3, and P.J. Kostyniak 3

1 Epidemiology Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics & Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Room 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
2 24th Century Press, USA
3 University at Buffalo, USA
4 US Environmental Protection Agency, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
G.M. Buck Louis, E-mail: gb156i{at}nih.gov


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hormonally active environmental agents have recently been associated with the development of endometriosis. METHODS: We undertook a study to assess the relationship between endometriosis, an estrogen-dependent gynaecological disease, and 62 individual polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) congeners. We enrolled 84 eligible women aged 18-40 years undergoing laparoscopy for study, which included an interview and blood specimen (n=79; 94%). Thirty-two women had visually confirmed endometriosis at laparoscopy while 52 did not. Blood specimens were run in batches of 14 including four quality control samples for toxicological analysis. Each PCB congener was adjusted for recovery; batch-specific reagent blanks were subtracted. All PCB concentrations were log transformed and expressed in ng/g serum first as a sum and then as tertiles by purported estrogenic or anti-estrogenic activity of PCB congeners. RESULTS: Using unconditional logistic regression analysis, a significantly elevated odds ratio (OR) was observed for women in the third tertile of anti-estrogenic PCBs [OR 3.77; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-12.68]. Risk remained elevated after controlling for gravidity, current cigarette smoking and serum lipids (OR 3.30; 95% CI 0.87-12.46). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that anti-estrogenic PCBs may be associated with the development of endometriosis.

Keywords: endocrine disruptors; endometriosis; environment; fecundity; polychlorinated biphenyls.
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