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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on November 26, 2004
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh602
© 2004 by European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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Received June 7, 2004
Revised August 6, 2004
Accepted October 15, 2004

Article

Timing ovulation for intrauterine insemination with a GnRH antagonist

J.L. Gómez-Palomares 1, B. Juliá 2, B. Acevedo-Martín 1, M. Martínez-Burgos 1, E.R. Hernández 1*, and E. Ricciarelli 1

1 Clínica de Medicina de la Reproducción y Ginecología ‘FIVMadrid’, Madrid, Spain
2 Unidad de Reproducción, Hospital ‘Severo Ochoa’, Madrid, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
E.R. Hernández, E-mail: ehernandezm{at}fivmadrid.es


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess the efficacy of a GnRH antagonist in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles to increase number of mature ovulatory follicles and pregnancy rates. METHODS: Prospective randomized study. Women (18-38 years old) with primary/secondary infertility were included. Eighty-two patients were randomly assigned to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) consisting of rFSH + GnRH antagonist or rFSH alone. RESULTS: A non-significant increase in the total amount of rFSH was seen in the GnRH antagonist group (707±240 IU) with respect to the control group (657±194 IU). The number of mature follicles (≥16 mm) was significantly higher in the GnRH antagonist group than in the control group (2.4±1.4 versus 1.7±1.2, P<0.05). Pregnancy rates were significantly increased in the group of patients receiving the GnRH antagonist (38%) compared to the control group (14%). The only non-single pregnancy (triplets) occurred in the antagonist group. CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary study, adding the GnRH antagonist to the COS protocol for IUI cycles significantly increased pregnancy rates. Nevertheless, these results may not be associated directly with the antagonist itself but with the fact that more mature ovulatory follicles are present by the day of the hCG. Finally, the risk for multiple gestations needs to be carefully evaluated.

Keywords: GnRH antagonist; intrauterine insemination; pregnancy rates.
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