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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on January 7, 2005
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh717
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Human Reproduction © European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 2005; all rights reserved
Received May 28, 2004
Revised October 7, 2004
Accepted December 7, 2004

Article

Lefty is expressed in mouse endometrium in estrous cycle and peri-implantation period

Meiyi Tang 1, Yun Xu 1, JoAnne Julian 2, Daniel Carson 2, and Siamak Tabibzadeh 1*

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Siamak Tabibzadeh, E-mail: tabibzadeh{at}bioscience.org


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: Reproductive tissues are unique structures that exhibit cyclic stromal remodelling during menstrual cycles in humans. Ebaf/lefty participates in tissue remodelling of human endometrium by induction of matrix metalloproteases (MMP).METHODS: We describe the temporal expression and spatial distribution of lefty and tissue remodelling events in mouse endometrium. RT-PCR and real-time PCR were used to identify mRNA expression and western blots to analyse Lefty protein. Immunolocalization was performed with specific antibodies and horseradish peroxidase staining. RESULTS: Lefty was expressed in endometrium throughout the estrous cycle. Expression of MMP (MMP-2, -3, -7 and -14) was higher at estrus, metestrus and/or diestrus while collagen content of endometrium decreased in these phases. During pregnancy, lefty levels were higher on days 3-5 and were minimal by day 9. Similarly, expression of endometrial MMP was higher on days 3 and 5 of pregnancy and was low on day 9. During pregnancy, loss of collagen was initiated on day 3, persisted to day 5, and led to a significantly reduced collagen on day 9. Immunoreactive lefty decorated basal laminae, and was associated with extracellular matrix in stroma. CONCLUSIONS: Regulated expression and spatial distribution of lefty in mouse endometrium confines its biological impact on tissues that undergo remodelling during estrous cycle and pregnancy.

Keywords: Ebaf; endometrium; estrous cycle; lefty; mouse.
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