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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access first published online on March 31, 2005
This version published online on April 7, 2005
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/deh856
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received December 6, 2004
Revised January 28, 2005
Accepted February 21, 2005

Article

Exposure to persistent organochlorine pollutants and seminal levels of markers of epididymal and accessory sex gland functions in Swedish men

A. Rignell-Hydbom 1*, L. Rylander 1, S. Elzanaty 2, A. Giwercman 2, C.H. Lindh 1, and L. Hagmar 1

1 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden and
2 Fertility Centre, Scanian Andrology Centre, Malmö University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
A. Rignell-Hydbom, E-mail: Anna.Rignell-Hydbom{at}ymed.lu.se


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: A major exposure route for persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) in Sweden is through consumption of fatty fish from the Baltic Sea. Endocrine disruptors, such as POPs, may have a negative impact on sperm quality. The present study aimed to investigate whether exposure to 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (p,p'-DDE) affects epididymal and accessory sex gland function. METHODS: 157 fishermen from the coastal stretches of Sweden, aged 27-67 years, provided semen samples which were analyzed for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), neutral {alpha}-glucosidase (NAG), fructose and zinc levels. Serum levels of CB-153 and p'p-DDE were determined. RESULTS: The median CB-153 serum level was 189 ng/g lipid (range 40-1460) and a median p,p'-DDE serum level 231 ng/g lipid (range 40-2252). There was a significant linear association between CB-153 and total amount of PSA (slope [{beta}]=-2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] -4.0, -0.9; P=0.02). With age, abstinence time and smoking included in the model the association became non-significant ({beta}=-1.4, 95% CI-3.0, 0.1; P=0.07). There were no significant associations between CB-153 and zinc, fructose and NAG. As for the exposure variable p,p'-DDE and the outcome variables, no significant associations were found. CONCLUSIONS: The study gives only very limited support of an association between CB-153 in serum and total PSA, and a random finding cannot be excluded.

Keywords: accessory sex glands; epididymis; polychlorinated biphenyls; p,p'-DDE; prostate-specific antigen.
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