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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on December 16, 2005
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/dei430
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received July 14, 2005
Revised October 12, 2005
Accepted November 15, 2005

Opinion

Embryonic stem-cell gametes: the new frontier in human reproduction

Zubin Master 1 *

1 W. Maurice Young Centre for Applied Ethics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Zubin Master, E-mail: zubin{at}zubsplace.com


  Abstract

As infertility increases and gamete donations decline, an alternate source of sex cells may prove valuable for research and infertility treatment. This article examines the social and scientific value of gametes derived from the differentiation of established human embryonic stem (ES)-cell lines (ES-cell-derived gametes) and customized gametes created using nuclear transfer technologies to contain a haploid set of genes creating children genetically related to parent(s). ES-cell-derived gametes may be valuable as a resource for biomedical research, instruction and training in assisted reproductive technologies and perhaps for creating children. The creation of children by ES-cell-derived and customized gametes may not result in psychological harm to children but customized gametes may lead to physical harm to children or an accumulation of gene mutations in a population. Although the creation of new types of children using ES-cell gametes provides more reproductive choices to both fertile and infertile individuals, the risk or physical harm to children from customized gametes may be so severe that the scope of reproductive liberty must be limited. Further scientific and ethical analysis of the creation of children by ES-cell gametes is required.

Keywords: assisted human reproduction/embryonic stem cells/nuclear transfer/reproductive liberty/scientific and social value.
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