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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on September 18, 2006
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/del122
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received January 24, 2006
Revised March 17, 2006
Accepted March 24, 2006

Opinion

The contradictory information on the distribution of non-disjunction and pre-division in female gametes

B. Rosenbusch 1 *

1 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
B. Rosenbusch, E-mail: bernd.rosenbusch{at}uniklinik-ulm.de


  Abstract

Valuable information on the cytogenetic constitution of female gametes has been deduced from the direct, so-called conventional analysis of oocytes remaining unfertilized in programmes of assisted reproduction. Additional, indirect conclusions have become possible by PGD of the polar bodies. Both techniques provided evidence for the co-existence of two aneuploidy-causing mechanisms during first maternal meiosis; non-disjunction (ND) of bivalents results in the loss or gain of whole chromosomes in metaphase II complements, whereas a precocious division (pre-division, PD) of univalents leads to the loss or gain of single chromatids. As to the distribution of ND and PD, however, direct oocyte chromosome studies and PGD tell surprisingly different stories. Moreover, first and second polar body analyses contradict the data derived from DNA polymorphism studies concerning the distribution of first and second meiotic division errors. An increased awareness of these problems appears necessary because important decisions are made on the basis of PGD results.

Keywords: female meiosis/non-disjunction/oocyte karyotyping/polar body analysis/pre-division.
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