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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on May 23, 2006
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/del165
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received June 27, 2005
Revised March 13, 2006
Accepted April 20, 2006

Article

Anti-Müllerian hormone inhibits initiation of growth of human primordial ovarian follicles in vitro

I.B. Carlsson 1 *, J.E. Scott 1, J.A. Visser 2, O. Ritvos 3, A.P.N. Themmen 2, and O. Hovatta 1

1 Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
2 Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
3 Programme for Developmental and Reproductive Biology, Biomedicum Helsinki and Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
I.B. Carlsson, E-mail: inger.britt.carlsson{at}ki.se


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) inhibits the initiation of the development and early growth of mouse ovarian follicles. Furthermore, the ovarian follicle pool diminishes prematurely in AMH-knockout mice. In this study, we examined whether AMH plays a similar role in humans, controlling ovarian follicle growth. METHODS: Human ovarian cortical tissue biopsy specimens were cut into small pieces and cultured for 7 days in medium containing rat recombinant AMH at 0, 10, 30 or 100 ng/ml. The developmental stages and viability of the follicles were evaluated from histological sections. RESULTS: Similar to previous studies, significant initiation of follicle growth was observed in almost all culture media, as demonstrated by a significantly smaller proportion of primordial follicles (14-26%) compared with non-cultured control tissue (56%). The exception was tissue in medium supplemented with AMH at 100 ng/ml. Here, the proportion of primordial follicles was not significantly different from that in non-cultured tissue; furthermore, it was significantly greater than that in vehicle control cultures and cultures containing AMH at 10 ng/ml, indicating the inhibition of growth initiation. Viability was unaffected by the presence of AMH when compared with tissues in control media. CONCLUSIONS: Recombinant AMH at a concentration of 100 ng/ml has an inhibitory effect on early human ovarian follicular development in vitro, suppressing the initiation of primordial follicle growth.

Keywords: AMH/in vitro culture/ovarian follicles/ovary.
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