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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on June 21, 2006
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/del215
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received January 9, 2006
Revised May 7, 2006
Accepted May 11, 2006

Article

Ovarian stimulation with GnRH agonist, but not GnRH antagonist, partially restores the expression of endometrial integrin {beta}3 and leukaemia-inhibitory factor and improves uterine receptivity in mice

Heng-Chao Ruan 1, Xiao-Ming Zhu 1, Qiong Luo 2, Ai-Xia Liu 2, Yu-Li Qian 2, Cai-Yun Zhou 2, Fan Jin 2, He-Feng Huang 2 *, and Jian-Zhong Sheng 3

1 Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; These authors contributed equally to this work
2 Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
3 Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
He-Feng Huang, E-mail: huanghefg{at}hotmail.com


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: The impact of different ovarian stimulation (OS) protocols on endometrial receptivity remains controversial. In this study, the effects of different OS on the expression of endometrial integrin {beta}3 subunit and leukaemia-inhibitory factor (LIF) during the implantation window and the implantation rate in mice were investigated. METHODS: Three OS protocols were used, involving either pregnant mare’s serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) alone, PMSG plus GnRH agonist or PMSG plus GnRH antagonist. Uterus samples were collected at 48 h after OS or ovulation and were detected with immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-PCR analyses. Normal embryos at gestation day 4 were transferred into the uteri of mice in the control and OS groups. RESULTS: All OS groups showed a significant decrease in the expression of both the endometrial integrin {beta}3 subunit and LIF during the implantation window and the implantation rate. Among the three OS groups, GnRH agonist-treated mice showed a higher endometrial integrin {beta}3 subunit and LIF expression and a higher implantation rate. No significant difference was found in the measured indices between the GnRH antagonist and PMSG groups. CONCLUSIONS: OS may inhibit the expression of endometrial integrin {beta}3 subunit and LIF and impair endometrial receptivity in mice. OS with GnRH agonist, but not GnRH antagonist, may partially restore the endometrial physiological secretion and improve uterine receptivity.

Keywords: endometrial receptivity/GnRH antagonist/integrin/leukaemia-inhibitory factor/mouse/ovarian stimulation.
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