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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on July 13, 2006
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/del269
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received July 6, 2005
Revised May 21, 2006
Accepted May 25, 2006

Article

The effect of female tobacco smoking on IVF outcomes

K.P. Wright 1 *, J.R. Trimarchi 2, J. Allsworth 3, and D. Keefe 4

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fletcher Allen Health Care, University of Vermont, 111 Colchester Ave, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
2 In Vitro Fertilization Laboratory
3 Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Women and Infants Hospital, Brown Medical School, Providence, RI
4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, FL, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
K.P. Wright, E-mail: Kristen.Wright{at}vtmednet.org


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is widely believed to be associated with decreased fecundity in naturally conceiving populations; however, the effect of female smoking on pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing IVF is unclear. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 389 consecutive patients undergoing first cycle IVF was performed. Outcomes of peak estradiol (E2) levels, log mean ovarian volume, number of oocytes retrieved, oocyte maturity in ICSI, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, embryo quality, percentage of high-quality embryos, pregnancy and live birth were assessed in patients reported as never smokers, past smokers and current smokers. Potential confounding variables evaluated included day 3 FSH, number of oocytes retrieved, embryo quality, caffeine and alcohol consumption. The population was also stratified by female age (<35 and ≥35 years). RESULTS: A total of 9.3% of our patients reported current smoking and 12.1% reported a history of smoking. Smoking status did not significantly affect pregnancy outcome, live birth rate or any other indicated outcome. CONCLUSIONS: A total of 21.4% of IVF patients in this study had past or present exposure to cigarette smoking with no measurable effect on IVF outcome.

Keywords: cigarette smoking/infertility/IVF.
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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