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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on September 5, 2006
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/del346
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received March 10, 2006
Revised July 20, 2006
Accepted August 1, 2006

Article

Serum anti-Müllerian hormone expression in women with premature ovarian failure

G. Méduri 1 *, N. Massin 2 *, J. Guibourdenche 3, A. Bachelot 4, O. Fiori 4, F. Kuttenn 4, M. Misrahi 5, and P. Touraine 4 *

1 INSERM U693 Medical Faculty, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
2 Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Bd de l’Hôpital, Paris Cedex, France; Present address: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Créteil, France
3 Department of Hormonal Biochemistry, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
4 Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Bd de l’Hôpital, Paris Cedex, France
5 INSERM E120, Medical Faculty, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
P. Touraine, E-mail: philippe.touraine{at}psl.aphp.fr


  Abstract

BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is generally irreversible. However, developing follicles up to the antral stage are reported in POF and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) might be a good indicator of follicular presence. This study analysed serum AMH, ovarian histology and AMH immunoexpression in POF patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 48 POF patients in an Endocrinology Department setting. Patients had an ovarian biopsy simultaneously with serum AMH sampling and/or ovarian AMH immunostaining. RESULTS: Mean serum AMH was 1.04 ± 1.66 ng/ml. Serum AMH was significantly higher in women with 15 or more follicles at ovarian histology (P = 0.001). Comparison of ovarian AMH immunostaining from POF patients and 10 normal controls revealed a normal AMH expression in POF pre-antral follicles, but a decreased expression at the early antral stages. Serum AMH was undetectable in 77% of the patients with 0-5 AMH immunopositive follicles and detectable in 100% of the patients with more than 15 AMH immunopositive follicles. CONCLUSIONS: AMH levels in POF patients could identify women with persistent follicles. The decrease of AMH immunoexpression in POF antral follicles could suggest a defect of antral development.

Keywords: anti-Müllerian hormone/Müllerian inhibiting substance/ovary/premature ovarian failure.

*These authors equally contributed to this article.


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