Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on September 18, 2006
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/del358
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1 The Fertility Centers of New England, Reading, MA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. BACKGROUND: Many different embryo selection criteria have been used in assisted reproductive technologies (ART), but there are no published prospective studies to ascertain their usefulness in predicting implantation. METHODS: In a prospective trial, 20 early scoring parameters previously reported to influence clinical outcome were collected, but embryos were selected for transfer by current laboratory protocols; day 1 pronuclear (PN) (Z) score combined with day 3 or 5 morphology. Data points for each oocyte/embryo were scored independently and tracked individually. Data were analysed retrospectively for parameters most likely to result in a positive pregnancy test, fetal heartbeat (FHB) and delivery. RESULTS: Results indicated that day 1 PN morphology and nucleolar precursor body (NPB) ratio, day 2 cell number, blastomere symmetry and nucleation and the ability to cleave from day 2 to day 3 were the six most significant factors in fetal development. This outcome was then applied prospectively over 8 months. The implantation rate (IR) and clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) increased in each age group, and the number of embryos used decreased. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, early parameters that include PN morphology, number and ratio of NPBs per nucleus and the day 2 morphology of cleaving embryos are stronger positive predictors of implantation than day 3 morphology or the ability to achieve the blastocyst stage of development. Parameters that were most consistently correlated with no delivery were lack of PN symmetry, day 2 multi-nucleation and uneven cell size. Day 3 and day 5 parameters were not significant compared with the combination of early parameters.
Received June 13, 2006
Revised July 31, 2006
Accepted August 14, 2006
Article
Morphologic parameters of early cleavage-stage embryos that correlate with fetal development and delivery: prospective and applied data for increased pregnancy rates
L. Scott 1 *, A. Finn 1, T. O’Leary 1, S. McLellan 1, and J. Hill 1
L. Scott, E-mail: scottl{at}fertilitycenter.com
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