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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on December 13, 2006
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/del474
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and female-to-male transsexuality

Tsuyoshi Baba1,5, Toshiaki Endo1, Hiroyuki Honnma1, Yoshimitsu Kitajima1, Takuhiro Hayashi1, Hiroshi Ikeda2, Naoya Masumori3, Hirofumi Kamiya4, Osamu Moriwaka4 and Tsuyoshi Saito1

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2 Department of Psychiatry 3 Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan 4 Kamiya Ladies Clinic, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

5 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 16, Chu-o-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan. E-mail: tbaba{at}sapmed.ac.jp

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), altered hormonal characteristics and insulin resistance in female-to-male (FTM) transsexual patients.

METHODS: We studied 69 Japanese FTM cases, aged 17–47 years, who were seen in the Gender Identity Disorder Clinic of Sapporo Medical University Hospital between December 2003 and May 2006. The subjects had never received hormonal treatment or sex re-assignment surgery. Prior to treatment, they received physical examinations entailing measurement of anthropometric, metabolic and endocrine parameters, after which we compared the values obtained according to the presence or absence of PCOS and/or obesity. Insulin resistance was determined using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

RESULTS: Of the 69 participating FTM cases, 40 (58.0%) were found to have PCOS. Of the 49 for whom HOMA-IR was calculated, 15 (30.6%) also showed insulin resistance, whereas of the 59 for whom adiponectin was measured, 18 (30.5%) showed hypoadiponectinaemia. Of 69 for whom androgens were measured, 29 (39.1%) showed hyperandrogenaemia. Insulin resistance was associated with obesity but not with PCOS. In contrast, hyperandrogenaemia was associated with both PCOS and obesity.

CONCLUSIONS: FTM transsexual patients have a high prevalence of PCOS and hyperandrogenaemia.

Key words: Adiponectin/female-to-male transsexuality/hyperandrogenaemia/insulin resistance/polycystic ovary syndrome


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