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Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on January 24, 2007
Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/humrep/del523
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Testing of nine different xeno-free culture media for human embryonic stem cell cultures

Kristiina Rajala1,4, Heidi Hakala1, Sarita Panula1, Suvi Aivio1, Harri Pihlajamäki2, Riitta Suuronen1, Outi Hovatta1,3 and Heli Skottman1

1 REGEA, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland 2 The Finnish Defense Forces, Helsinki, Finland 3 Karolinska Institute, CLINTEC, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden

4 To whom correspondece should be addressed at: Kristiina Rajala, REGEA, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland. E-mail: kristiina.m.rajala{at}regea.fi

BACKGROUND: Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) are excellent candidates for cell replacement therapies. However, currently used culture conditions contain animal-derived components that bear a risk of transmitting animal pathogens and incorporation of non-human immunogenic molecules to hESC.

METHODS: Nine xeno-free culture media were compared with the conventional serum replacement (ko-SR) containing media in the culture of hESC on human feeder cells. Cultured hESC were characterized immunocytochemically and by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. The differentiation potential of hESC cultured with xeno-free media was determined with the RT–PCR analysis.

RESULTS: The hESC cultured in xeno-free media differentiated or the proliferation decreased substantially. Under some test conditions, the morphology of the feeder cells was altered considerably. The hESC cultured with human serum underwent excessive differentiation in the beginning of culture, but a fraction of hESC was able to adapt to culture conditions containing 20% of human serum.

CONCLUSIONS: None of the studied xeno-free media was able to maintain the undifferentiated growth of hESC. The medium containing 20% human serum was found to sustain undifferentiated hESC proliferation to some extent, yet was inferior to the conventional ko-SR-containing medium.

Key words: human embryonic stem cell/human serum/xeno-free culture conditions


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